Monday, December 28, 2009

Classical Egypt

Atlas of Egyptian Art



Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 b

Stylised bouquets painted in tombs during the 19th and 20th Dynasties.


[nb. Wiki: map and history of ancient Egypt]



Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 l

Return from the Hunt - from a painting at the Theban Necropolis (17th Dynasty)




Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 m

Counting the oxen - drawing of a bas-relief found in the tomb of Chamhati,
the superintendent of the royal domains during the 18th dynasty



Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 n

?Perfume containers and grooming utensils



Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 o

Profile portraits drawn from bas-relief figures at the Necropolis of Thebes.



Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 a

Necklaces, bangles, rings and jewellery segments from various periods




Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 i

A hunter returns to his barge - from a 12th Dynasty tomb painting
(2100-1900BC) at the cemetery of Beni Hasan*



Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 e

A native from the fabled and mysterious Land Of Punt carries goods on an ass
- from a painting found in the ?valley of El-Assacif at Thebes



Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 c

By the banks of the Orontes river, King Ramses II (Ramses-Meiamoun or Ozymandius* or Ramesses the Great, the third ruler of the XIXth dynasty and considered the most powerful Pharaoh of all) battles the Hittites (Khetas) from his chariot. Although not stated, this illustration presumably derives from a sculpture or bas-relief at the Ramesses II temple at Abu Simbel in Nubia.



Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 d

The Prince's chariot - from a sculpture at el-Amarna [Akhetaten] (300km south of Cairo)*; "..established and built by the Pharaoh Akhenaten of the late Eighteenth Dynasty (c. 1353 BC), and abandoned shortly afterwards.."



Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 f

Sketch (of a sketch) of ?purification ritual foreigners prostrating before the Pharaoh from the Necropolis at Thebes




Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 g

Sketch of Seti I, father of Ramses II from the Necropolis at Thebes




Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 h

Satirical anthropomorphic 'cartoons' from an ancient Egyptian papyrus manuscript




Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 j

Flowers and plants derived from various monuments
[I've posted parts of a similar image before]




Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878

Painted wooden spoons and perfume vessels featuring
female figures of contrasting ethnicities or rank (or both)



Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 k

Portrait of Queen Nebto, daughter of Ramesses II (19th dynasty)



Histoire de l'art égyptien by Prisse D'Avennes, 1878 p

Weighing and judgement of the soul during
a funerary ritual at the court of Osiris (18th dynasty)



[click through for full-sized versions;
all these chromolithographs were cropped from full-page illustrations]



Émile Prisse d'Avesnes (d'Avennes) (1807-1879) was an important mid-19th century French Egyptologist and something of a polymath. He was a soldier, engineer, writer, illustrator and talented linguist.

From 1827 to 1844 d'Avesnes resided in Egypt, teaching cartography and working as an engineer for a time, but eventually he devoted himself to documenting and studying the archaeological treasures from ancient Egypt. He became proficient in hieroglyphs, on the back of Champollion's translations of the Rosetta Stone, and learned to speak at least half a dozen languages fluently during his expeditions around Egypt and further afield in the Arab world.

Ransacking of the artefacts was rife in those days of course and d'Avesnes helped excavate and transfer a large shipment of portrait reliefs from the Valley of the Kings to France, ostensibly to prevent their theft and use as local building material. The brazen act would earn d'Avesnes the Legion of Honour award when he returned to his homeland.

He published a number of Egypt-centric works in the decade following his return to France and eventually set about obtaining support for a further expedition which was undertaken from 1858 to 1860. On this occasion he was accompanied by a photographer (the photographs are now located in the French National Library).
"When he returned to Paris in I860; Prisse brought 300 folio drawings of paintings of various epochs, each up to seven or eight meters (23 to-26 feet) long; 400 meters (1300 feet) of paper impressions of bas-reliefs; 150 photographs of architectural and ornamental details, plans,sections and elevations; and 150 stereoscopic photographs, together with his enormous collection of drawing and notes. He also brought back, and later donated to the Louvre, the skulls of 29 mummies which he had identified by era, position and individual name." [source]

The most important of d'Avesnes' publications -- the subject of this post -- was released in installments over ten years and eventually compiled into a three volume work (one text and two illustrated atlases) in 1878 entitled: 'Histoire de l'Art Égyptien: d'après les Monuments; Depuis les Temps les Plus Reculés Jusqu'à la Domination Romaine' (~The history of Egyptian art from monuments from the earliest times up to Roman occupation).

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